ETHWarsaw 2023: Paweł Zaremba, Chronicle - Oracles: The Next Generation

uh I'm okay my name is Pavo uh uh I work with an on Chronicle and we build oracles what do oracles do to me they the mo the biggest role of oracles is to turn gossip into fact uh how do they do that they are the feeds the the the Oracle systems collect data from The Real World uh blockchains are actually blind they do not see what is the weather they do not see how many wonderful people came here to this conference so someone needs to take this data collect it sign it because we need to verify we need to be able to verify that the data was signed by the person that we trust that's another issue I'll tell talk about it later and then we need to store it on chain and to me the most important part about oracles is that they are on the same they are the smart contracts that stored the values that anyone else would be using and they need to be on the same chain that your project is on because any moving of data between chains is problematic as Daniel uh before me explained and also uh when you use the chain your project is on you can use the same security assumptions that this blockchain has so whenever you are building a project you need to use an oracle on exactly the same chain and then how to know which what how to compose the data that uh the oracles are going to be using so we have data models those data models uh have Origins uh which means these are the data sources from all over the world like uh most of the time exchanges and uh blockchain onchain and offchain exchanges and then we take a multitude of them and we compose a like take a median out of that a median gives us this nice property that when anyone is on an outlier we do not factor that in we ignore this outlier so if we have uh five five uh five data sources and one of them is too large compared to the rest it's it's going to get ignored because uh when we did a when we would have done a mean every participant every every Source would actually affect the price which is not good and then we have feeds we call them feeds these are the uh the servers let's say that look at the world look at the real world data or on onchain or offchain does doesn't really matter right now but they look at it and they send it to a pure to-peer network uh for everyone to see and oracles are the contracts that remember that they also verify it but still at the end they just remember that and you can qu query this data and how do you choose who to actually trust it is supposed to be a trustless world uh the crypto is promising that you don't need to trust anyone but actually that's complicated let's say anyone saying that they have solved the Oracle problem which is actually who to trust uh is making a lot of assumptions so what we have is we take the reputation of uh of a multitude of projects and uh we look at it we we can see that we can more or less trust them and then we use we combine the data from all of them how do we combine it another median so we take uh those data prices data data points from different uh feeds as we call them and we also do a median they are sending it to us uh like not even to us like they're sending it to a peer-to-peer Network and every it's open everyone can be uh can be up can read this data and actually anyone can easily connect and listen to the network funny thing the more people do the safer the network is so oracles version one was this uh we collected the price like not we feeds collected the prices they signed it but they also sent it to the contract in the good old times when uh gas was cheap that was fine but now it's unsustainable so what we did for Oro V2 is we separated the role of a feed that that was looking at the onchain data and uh from the role of a relay that was sending this uh data onchain uh so we have feeds that's collect and sign the data they they send it to this p-to-p network anyone that's permissionless can listen to this information can compose a transaction on to to the chain they actually want so as long as they trust uh the feeds we use they could uh update their stuff I don't know if I should be saying that anyway uh so uh they store it on chain and it works uh and we have been doing that since 20 2017 which means we know what we are doing we have been doing oracles for uh maker Dow be like previously as part of maker Dow now we have spun out into Chron and we also added a very nice feature we added a dashboard that you can use to verified every signature that we have ever used or seen in our Network so you can go to to our dashboard which I will give a QR code for QR code uh for in a moment and you can go to every message you can verify the signature that's that that is all right so that does an easy recover on the data and then you can change something a character a number or whatever and you can verify that it will not actually be the uh the right message and this is the dashboard that's that is a simple URL without any redirections because I was trying to make those QR codes uh like when I Was preparing this presentation and all of those websites that give you QR codes they give you a redirection because they want you to pay for it uh so if they they do not take it down anyway so this QR code leads to to our dashboard 3 2 1 thank you and now when you look at the dashboard you know that our reputation is not gossip our reputation is in fact is fact is solid this is from a firefly TV show which I was a fan of and they cancelled it after 13 episodes because they are stupid H uh like no no they were stupid the reputation was really great it built up a really great community of people interested in that I'm diverging uh so now that's the new generation oracles V3 uh we have created Chronicles scribe which uses snor signatures which are uh also used in Bitcoin uh we have optimistic updates apart like not only normal updates when you verify everything but you we have optimistic updates which are a lot cheaper and we have challenges and challenge Bounty that you can actually get if something doesn't work uh I will explain a little uh how this uh things okay I don't know exactly how schnore math and everything inside works because I'm not that smart but we have people for that and uh so we have snore signatures that we use and this is implemented uh on chain in a smart contract right exactly and then uh what we normally do we set a bar uh that means uh how many how many feeds we need to be a part of a single update if we want to make sure that uh it's actually it's accurate and uh valid so we have a bar of 13 signatures that we need to have in a message and then uh this pessimistic let's say update works almost the same as the previous one so we have uh we need to have all of them we verify all of them but it is super expensive even like on L1 no never we are not going to do that unless we have to uh but that's why we have an optimistic update which is way cheaper because what we do we only verify one signature uh and then this signature uh gives us uh some time boundary in which it this uh message can be challenged so unless someone challenges this message uh in uh in due time then uh we consider this message valid and that's fine and how do we make sure that we have people watching for those uh messages and for those optimistic updates to fix them for us well we have a bounty so whenever you challenge this fake or wrong message we no not we contract the contract gives you gives you some eth I guess and uh and that's how it works so all of the incentives are here to make sure that the system works and the system is actually allow ing itself properly by its own that's perfect great design I love it so Tech yeah uh we are Tech nerds uh we have solidity in our stack among others but we have solidity uh we have go this is magical language from Google which is quite simple but you can do anything you want there and yeah some people say rust is better but that's just a tool it works perfectly for what we need and we use uh the peer to-peer network is the same peer-to-peer Network that uh ethereum is using right now so lip P2P that is a project that span out of ipfs interplanetary file system and we are utilizing all of that plus our knowledge uh and stamina because sometimes you need to burn the Midnight Oil to do it uh we we create the technology and the new scribe oracles are launching in 2 weeks September 13th it is going to be a lucky day well we are at a hackaton like it's a conference but today we are starting the hackaton and what I would like to announce is that we have money no die to give away uh anyone that will use our projects and will do a great job that we like we considered it useful for us then they can win the first prize which is500 die uh it will be transferred after like we we validate that this solution works and then uh there's a pull price so anyone that utilizes our Oracles in any way we pull them together and split the money evenly between anyone that used that uh any project that use that and I have more QR codes which as I said before you need to watch out for but these are also very simple and safe uh because you trust me and the the first one is for the workshop information that uh Pascal prepared so you can use that to see how the schnore thing works what's what and how to maybe implemented it for implemented for us uh and the other one is the GitHub link to Oracle Suite which is our goal implementation of what we are doing I'm going to click in three two one thank you so uh get in touch with with us we have a booth downstairs you can come and ask questions you can join our Discord uh yeah you can join our Discord you can go to our apparently ex now uh or you can write an email and we'll do our best to help you with whatever you need for the hackaton and whatever else you might need and we could provide also we are currently looking for uh for to expand our team we are looking for a technical project manager a person that will make us Engineers work not better but uh more in sync so we we always know where we're going and we always deliver on time we usually do but we uh yeah so that's that's one and there's another uh role that we are looking a person for is a developer relations and that's it thank you very much